Apologetics · Subscriber investigation
Why the Universe Had a Beginning — and Why That Is Still Interesting
The cosmology has moved. The philosophical question underneath it has not.
By J. T. Hollan|Aug 17, 2026|11 min
Updated Sep 2, 2026 at 8:55 PM EDT
Popular apologetics has leaned hard on the standard Big Bang model for half a century. Cosmology has not stood still, and any argument that depends on a model of the 1970s is a hostage to the next paper.
What survives is narrower and more durable.
The theorem and its limits
Borde-Guth-Vilenkin is not a proof of God. It is a reason the question will not go away.
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